COLDS ARE BY FAR THE MOST COMMON

Submitted by: Christel Taylor

In the United States, 90% of the population will have at least one cold per year. The flu is similar, and sometimes has the same symptoms as a cold, but is often much more severe and lasts longer. The only way to catch a cold or flu is from other people. The viral infections (more than 200 of them) are highly contagious. Coughing and sneezing in a confined space can easily spread an infection, since the mucus in the nose and throat of cold sufferers is full of viruses. These viruses can survive for several hours on objects such as doorknobs, handrails and telephones. Classic symptoms such as a runny nose, sinus congestion, sneezing, sore throat and cough begin one to four days after contact and usually last five to seven days, but can linger on. For most healthy people the difference between colds and flu aren't important. For the elderly, very young children, or otherwise susceptible people, the flu can be very serious.

Unfortunately, modern medicine has not yet developed any good ways to kill these viruses once they have invaded the body. The best way to handle colds is simply to prevent them from occurring, and if that fails, to treat the unpleasant symptoms. To avoid spreading colds, avoid close contact during the contagious period. and wash your hands frequently. Dispose of all tissue used to blow your nose immediately after use. Cover your mouth and nose with tissue when coughing or sneezing.

Treating cold symptoms won't cure your cold, but it will make you feel better until your body fights off the virus. General measures include rest and fluids. Drink at least two quarts of clear liquids per day, but avoid milk, salty foods, and broths. This will promote drainage. Humidify dry air. Most air decreases swelling of the respiratory tract and helps clear mucus. If you feel hungry, eat plenty of citrus fruits and foods that are rich in zinc. Allow your body to rest and recover when suffering from a bout of cold or flu. Complications are rare, but a cold may make the body more susceptible to secondary bacterial infections, such as bronchitis, earache or sinusitis. You may need treatment if you have any of the following symptoms: a cough that becomes painful, facial pain, one or both ears become painful, problems swallowing, breathing difficulties, traces of blood in your phlegm, or you have a high temperature that lasts for more than 48 hours.

Faculty/Staff Bulletin- January 8,1998